All the world's a stage
どこかで聞いたような見出しですね。Macbeth...ではなかったOthelloくん、補足をしてください。（UG）
All the world's a stage – and all the men and women merely environmentalists who hate BP
RSC hit by string of theatrical protests over sponsorship deal with British oil giant
It is a Saturday night in Stratford-upon-Avon and theatregoers are settling into their seats for an evening with the world's greatest playwright.
Duly the actors appear on stage – but this isn't Shakespeare as we know it. Parading in a green and yellow ruff, a character called BP is taken down a peg by the Bard's famous clown, Feste: "For some are born green, some achieve greenness, and some purchase a semblance of greenness by sponsoring cultural events."
The performance, an unscheduled prelude to last weekend's Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) production of Twelfth Night, was the latest in a string of protests about BP's sponsorship of the World Shakespeare Festival that have divided theatregoers.
The Reclaim Shakespeare Company – a troupe of amateur actor-environmentalists – have appeared at seven productions, condemning in mini-plays BP's environmental record and mocking the RSC's sponsorship deal with the UK oil giant. While the RSC has so far allowed the protests, and many audience reactions have been positive, the latest event saw one staff member try to shout down the activists, while last month members of the group were ejected from the British Museum.
The group has vowed to target more events in the festival calendar. "BP are using our cultural institutions as a means of improving their public image at a time when it is crucial for people to see what a dangerous company this is" said Richard Howlett, a group co-ordinator. "We're concerned about the environmental devastation being wrought by BP, from Deepwater Horizon to their plans to drill in the Arctic. They are not giving sponsorship money to the arts for nothing: their logo is plastered all over these events and it's all about improving their own image."
At the end of each intervention, activists call on audience members to tear the BP logo off their copy of the evening's programme.
fodder
映画監督のスティーブン・スピルバーグが「Friends of Quinn (原題) 」という学習障がい者のためのサイトで、難読症であることを告白しました。
used his own differences as fodder for~のfodderは「 飼い葉，まぐさ、食料」ということですが、ここでは"inferior or readily available material used to supply a heavy demand"(Webster）の意味で（例：She often used her friends' problems as fodder for her novels.）、「（障害を逆手にとって）キャラクターづくりの糧として利用した」となりますか。
このところ多くの有名人たちが難読症を告白していますが、どのケースでも「障がい」が新たな才能への開花につながる可能性を示唆していて、大変、心強く思います。（UG）
HIS FIGHT HELPED SHAPE SOME OF HIS MOVIES
Steven Spielberg has decided to talk about the battle with dyslexia he has struggled with his whole life, and how it has made him a stronger person.
It might be hard to believe one of the most successful directors in Hollywood has battled with a learning disability, but it's true. Steven Spielberg has decided to open up about his fight with dyslexia.
Spielberg sat down with Friends of Quinn, an organization that works to help people with what they call learning differences, or LDs, to talk about what he has been through and how it has made him a stronger person.
"When I felt like an outsider, movies made me feel inside my own skill set," he said.
The surprising thing is that even though Spielberg has faced dyslexia for years, he was only diagnosed a few years ago. This is because of the lack of awareness of dyslexia when he was growing up.
"While he wishes that there had been more awareness of LDs in the '50s, he acknowledges the impact of his supportive parents, who helped him endlessly with his studies, making sure he did as well as he possibly could in school," said Friends of Quinn.
It's also possible that dealing with dyslexia has helped him to become as successful as he is today. The director is responsible for such movies as E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial, Jaws, Schindler's List, The Color Purple, and Raiders of the Lost Ark.
"I never felt like a victim," he said in the interview. "Movies really helped me ... kind of saved me from shame, from guilt, from putting it on myself, from making it my burden when it wasn't my burden. I think making movies was my great escape, it was how I could get away from all that."
Spielberg has tried to turn having dyslexia into a positive experience. In the interview, he said he knows in advance that it will take him twice as long as other people to read a book or script, but he turns the reading into a pleasurable experience instead of something he just has to get through. And it seems to have ended up being a good thing for all of his viewers, as he said he used his own differences as fodder for creating the characters in The Goonies.
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xtx7d2_steven-spielberg-opens-up-about-learning-disability_people
link with
Man Unitedが再びドルトムントの選手に興味を示しています。ここのlink withはサッカーなどに特異な表現でしょうか。EnDoughくん、どういう意味でしょうか。（UG）
Manchester United linked with Borussia Dortmund forward Robert Lewandowski
Manchester United could boost their attacking talents yet further this January with the addition of Borussia Dortmund forward Robert Lewandowski.
Reports in today's Daily Telegraph claim that Sir Alex Ferguson and his assistant Mike Phelan will be in attendance at the Etihad stadium to watch the Poland international when his side take on Manchester City in the Champions League this evening.
Manchester United were heavily linked with the 24-year-old across the summer after Lewandowski followed up his crucial role in delivering the Bundesliga title to Dortmund with some impressive displays at Euro 2012. The acquisition of Robin van Persie dampened the rumours, with suggestions that United went as far as submitting a £16m offer which Dortmund rejected.
turned the air blue
turn the air blueは、文脈からも明らかなように、"to curse and swear"の婉曲的な表現で、特に"to speak a stream of bad language"の意味合いがあります。番組制作上、何かがあったと思いますが、ちょっとプロらしくなかったみたいです。なお、この記事には他にいろいろな表現がちりばめられていますので、本文をどうぞ。（UG）
BBC apologises for on-air swearing during Breakfast show
The BBC has apologised after an off-screen voice turned the air blue on BBC1's Breakfast show. Viewers heard a disembodied voice exclaim "What the f*** is that?" at the start of an item during the TV programme this morning.
Presenter Susanna Reid was introducing conductor John Wilson as a guest on the show when the gaffe occurred. The foul-mouthed outburst became a popular talking point online as users sent messages about the slip on Twitter.
ご指名質問回答：All the world's a stage
UG先生からご指名質問を頂きました。お題は、次の記事の見出しの補足です。記事では、The Reclaim Shakespeare Companyが、エネルギー関連企業のBPがthe World Shakespeare Festivalのスポンサーになっていること、さらにRoyal Shakespeare Companyと結託していることについて非難しているという内容です。
あるサイトでは、"The Royal Shakespeare Company have chosen to put BP’s money in their purse."と表現しています。こちらは、『オセロー』の第１幕第３場で、イアーゴが、オセローを将軍から失脚させるという陰謀を企てるために、イアーゴがロダリーゴに何度も「財布に金を入れておけ」という台詞の引用です(リンク先はケネス・ブラナー演じるイアーゴ)。それでは補足をしてみます。
All the world's a stage – and all the men and women merely environmentalists who hate BP
これは間違いなく『お気に召すまま』の第２幕第７場139行(エディションによっては、行が違います)の鬱ぎ屋の旅人ジェイクイズ(Jaques)の台詞からの引用です。オックスフォード版のテクストを参考にしつつ、試訳と共に解説してみます。
JAQUES All the world’s a stage,
And all the man and women merely a players.
They have their exists and entrances,
And one man in his time plays many parts,
His acts being seven ages.
(As You Like It, Act 2, Scene 7, lines 139-143)
ジェイクイズ この世ってのは舞台、
どんな男も女も何でもない、ただの役者なんだ。
みんなそれぞれに登場や退場という演出が割り当てられ、
そして、一人ひとりが色んな役を演じる、
年齢よって７幕に分けられているのさ。
（『お気に召すまま』第二幕第７場139-143行、訳筆者）
この台詞はシェイクスピアの戯曲で最も有名な台詞の１つで、人生を演劇に擬えています（先日の記事で『マクベス』のTomorrow Speechの話題が出ましたが、そこにも舞台や演劇のイメージがあります。パトリック・スチュワートの名演を御覧ください）。
さて、この台詞で自分が面白いと感じるのは、ウィットがメタの視点を含め何重にも渦巻いている点です。
まず劇の登場人物たちは主体性を持って行動しているように見えるが、実は割り当てられた役を演じているだけにしか過ぎないことです。
１）劇の登場人物が劇の中で行動するということ
２）現実の役者が『お気に召すまま』のお芝居の役を演じていること
さらに、この台詞を聴いた観客も実はただ「自分の人生」を謳歌する役者に過ぎないというメタの視点を感じるでしょう。
３）観客が神など人智を超えた存在に「自分の人生」という劇で、さまざまな役割——つまり、学生、観客、会社員、先生、親の子供、子供の親、誰かの友達、誰かの恋人などの社会的アイデンティティを演じる役者——を演じさせていることに気づくこと
このように劇中の登場人物の役の構造のさらに外を渦巻くメタの構造があるのです。ここで観客が「ハッ」と気づいた瞬間がこの台詞の面白いところだと思います。『お気に召すまま』を手がける演出家や役者はきっと「してやったり」と思うはずです。もしかしたら、天からそれを見るシェイクスピアは、その演出家や役者を見てほくそ笑んでいるのかもしれません。
ちなみにわたしにとって、これはシェイクスピアの中でも好きな台詞の１つです（一番好きなのはコロコロ変わりますが『オセロー』のオセローが第５幕２場で自殺する時の台詞です。涙なしには見られません）。
この台詞に関しては、様々な演出があり、劇のハイライトの１つにもなっております。お一つだけ紹介するとすれば、次の映像が、ジェイクイズの皮肉っぽいイメージと世捨て人みたいな鬱ぎ屋のイメージが全面に出ていて良いと思います。(Othello)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e-bhFovMJBk
今度、新百合ヶ丘（小田急線沿線）で、『お気に召すまま』が上演されます。会場のアルテリオ小劇場もちょうどいい大きさで音響も素晴らしく、綺麗な劇場です。先日、翻訳者の松岡和子先生と演出家の河田園子さんによるトークショーに参加しましたが、何やら歌に凝っているとのこと。お時間があれば、みなさんも是非足を運んでみて下さい。
http://stage.corich.jp/stage_detail.php?stage_id=39800
meet one's expectation
米大リーグ・ヤンキースの地区優勝がかかった大一番では、松坂と黒田の日本人投手対決という舞台が用意されていました。このうち、黒田は7回2失点と危なげのない内容で見事大役を果たし、14—2のヤンキースの大勝、地区優勝に貢献しました。しかし、松坂は...。NYTのブログからです。
meet （or answer ）one's expectation「期待にこたえる」という形でわたしたちは覚え、なんとなくプラスのイメージでこのイディオムをとらえます。しかしながらここでのmeetはマイナスの方です。考えてみると皮肉たっぷりの寸評です。
松坂の放出は確実とされていますが、どこのチームでもかまわないので、もう一度、ひと花咲かしてほしいものです。（UG）
NO DICE: The expectations were low for what was likely Daisuke Matsuzaka's final start as a Red Sox -- and he met them. Matsuzaka lasted just 2 1/3 innings with five runs, ending what can be described as a very disappointing Boston career. To think, the Yankees were upset they lost out on Matsuzaka five years ago.
trying
レッドソックスからの放出は、なにも松坂だけの問題ではありません。監督自身もスタッフとの軋轢がうわさされ、崖っぷちなのです。バレンタイン監督にとっても今年は試練の1年でした。「つらい、苦しい、疲れる」という意味のtryingがそれをよく表しています。（UG）
Bobby Valentine felt undermined by Red Sox coaches
NEW YORK (AP) — Boston Red Sox manager Bobby Valentine's job was safe for at least one final game.
General manager Ben Cherington would not discuss the status of the Red Sox's beleaguered first-year manager before Boston's season finale against the New York Yankees on Wednesday night.
"I'm not going to talk about it," Cherington said. "We have a game tonight. We've said many times, Bobby's the manager of the team until the end of the year, and we'll talk about it after the season. That's what we'll do."
Valentine has had a trying first year with the Red Sox, 69-92 entering Wednesday. He was signed to a two-year deal to help revive an organization that was eliminated from playoff contention on the last day of the season in 2011 after a September collapse. Instead, because of injuries, a lack of pitching depth and underperformance, Boston has lost its most games since 1965 and finished last in the AL East for the first time since 1992.
booty of war
尖閣諸島は「戦利品」だったのでしょうか...。日本ももっともっと発信しなければいけないと強く思います。（GP）
Japan refutes NY Times article on Senkakus
A Japanese diplomat has refuted an article in the New York Times which suggests China rather than Japan may have the better claim to the Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea. Yasuhisa Kawamura, Deputy Chief of Mission of Japan's Consulate General in New York, submitted a comment to the online edition of the New York Times on Tuesday. Kawamura's comment was in response to columnist Nicholas D. Kristof's September 19th blog post featuring an article by Taiwanese scholar Han-yi Shaw titled, "The Inconvenient Truth Behind the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands." In an introduction to the article, Kristof says evidence is emerging from old Japanese documents to suggest Japan in effect stole the islands from China in 1895 as booty of war. Kristof writes he is sympathetic to China's claim of sovereignty over the islands. In his comment, Kawamura responds the Senkaku Islands are an inherent part of Japan's territory, in light of historical facts and based upon international law. He says the argument that the islands are "booty of war" between Japan and China has critical faults and is without merit. He says Japan clearly demonstrated its intention to own the islands prior to the treaty that ended the Sino-Japanese War in the 19th century. He also says the country confirmed the islands were uninhabited and showed no trace of having been under China's control. Last week, the New York Times carried a full-page ad by a Chinese government-affiliated newspaper which said the islands belong to China.
The Japanese Consulate lodged a verbal protest saying the assertion is one-sided and misleading.
put on the defensive
最初のTV討論会が行われました。事前の調査ではオバマ候補有利ということでしたが、経済再生をめぐるやりとりではオバマ候補は劣勢に回ることがあり、ロムニー候補が有権者に強い印象を残しました。TV討論、畏るべし！デス。
be put on the defensiveは文字通り、「守りに回る、劣勢に回る」です。（Koyamamoto）
Obama and Romney hold first TV debate
US President Barack Obama and his Republican challenger Mitt Romney focused on economic issues in their first TV debate ahead of next month's presidential election.
The rivals shared the stage in Denver, Colorado on Wednesday. Obama, who is seeking reelection, stressed how he helped the US economy overcome the financial crisis 4 years ago. He said he aims to boost the economy by helping the middle class, rather than by cutting taxes for the rich as Romney suggests.
Romney argued that Obama's policies have failed. He said more government spending, more taxes and more regulations are not the right answer for America. Obama was put on the defensive, and often hesitated for words in the face of his opponent's verbal attack. Romney has been struggling to catch up to Obama in the polls. It remains to be seen whether the debate could become a turning point for Romney.
roundhouse kick
あのジャッキー・チェンが領有権問題に関して、自らの意見を述べました。まさに回し蹴りです。（EnDough）
Jackie Chan weighs in on China-Japan island dispute
TOKYO —
Who doesn’t love Jackie Chan? His movies are entertaining, he does his own stunts, he’s a great role model and he’s got a smile that could tame a lion. The 58-year-old entertainer is one of the most well-known and well-loved stars in the world, and Japan is no exception.
Which is why it must have felt like a roundhouse kick to the face when he officially threw his weight behind the home team regarding the Senkaku Island dispute this week.
“The Diaoyu Islands (Chinese name for Senkaku Islands) definitely belong to China,” said Chan, who was in Taiwan to film scenes for his upcoming film “Chinese Zodiac.
He added, “The Diaoyu Islands belong to China, but what I say doesn’t count. It is up to the government to deal with it; I wish I was Superman, so I could pull the islands closer.“
weigh in on
日本からは村上春樹氏が参戦してきました。ジャッキー記事に続いて、またまたweigh in on~です。このところよく目にするようになったPVです。（UG）
Novelist Murakami Weighs In on Japan Territorial Rows
Even as Japan’s prickly territorial disputes gained heat in recent months few well-known figures outside of political circles have taken a stand on the touchy issue that has sparked trouble across business, sports and cultural spheres. But on Friday morning, Japan’s best-known living author joined the war of words.
Novelist Haruki Murakami penned an essay expressing his concerns about the cultural fallout that is likely to result from the country’s various escalating territorial spats and described the feverish reaction to the disputes like getting drunk on cheap sake. His commentary was prominently published for all to see on the front page of the Asahi Shimbun, Japan’s second largest daily, on Friday.
“I fear that as both an Asian and Japanese writer the steady achievements we’ve made (in deepening cultural exchanges and understanding with our Asia neighbors) will be hugely damaged because of the problems regarding Senkaku and Takeshima this time,” wrote Mr. Murakami.
http://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2012/09/28/novelist-murakami-weighs-in-on-japan-territorial-rows/
ご指名質問link with〜(回答)
UG先生からのご指名質問にお答えしたいと思います。正直あまり自信はありませんが、挑戦致します。内容は以下でのlink with〜の意味についてです。link with - 田邉祐司ゼミ 常時英心：言葉の森から
Manchester United linked with Borussia Dortmund forward Robert Lewandowski
Manchester United could boost their attacking talents yet further this January with the addition of Borussia Dortmund forward Robert Lewandowski.
Reports in today's Daily Telegraph claim that Sir Alex Ferguson and his assistant Mike Phelan will be in attendance at the Etihad stadium to watch the Poland international when his side take on Manchester City in the Champions League this evening.
Manchester United were heavily linked with the 24-year-old across the summer after Lewandowski followed up his crucial role in delivering the Bundesliga title to Dortmund with some impressive displays at Euro 2012. The acquisition of Robin van Persie dampened the rumours, with suggestions that United went as far as submitting a £16m offer which Dortmund rejected.
link with〜はみなさんもご存じの通り、「連結する、つなぐ、関連付ける」という意味(『ジーニアス英和辞典』第4版、大修館書店)で、この単語はconnectより強いときにつながりを表します。しかし、それだけでは腑に落ちなかったので、LDOCEを見てみると"to make a connection between two or more things or people"とありました。つまり、日本語で言うところの「関係作りをする」といった意味で使われる事もあるようです。欧州サッカーではよく選手本人が関与していないところで移籍話が新聞で取り上げられるという事が日常茶飯事でありますが、レヴァンドフスキ選手は今年の夏もマンＵ移籍が騒がれていました。ですので、今回の見出しはそれをより強く表現する為にlinkを使って表現したのではないでしょうか。
以上の事から赤文字の箇所を含んだ一文は少し訳しにくいですが、「レヴァンドフスキとのつながり(移籍の噂)が(いまだに)あるマンチェスターＵ」という訳になるのではないかと考えました。(EnDough)
bookend
NYTの朝刊（電子版）が入ってきました。黒田投手に関する部分です。bookendがいいですね。「（開幕で投げ）シーズンを有終の美で締めくくった」というニュアンスが伝わります。（UG）
Yankees Finish With a Flourish, Capturing East
Hiroki Kuroda, who pitched and won the home opener at the Stadium on April 13, bookended a fine first season with the Yankees by winning his 16th game. He pitched seven innings and allowed two runs and seven hits and easily outshined Matsuzaka in a duel of Japanese pitchers.
the Japanese archipelago
本日(10/04/2012)のJapan Todayから英語表現を拾います。すでに10月に入っているというのにいまだに台風のニュースが天気予報を騒がしています。
Typhoon Maliksi nearing Japan's northeast
A strong typhoon was looming off Japan’s northeastern Pacific coast on Thursday, the Japan Meteorological Agency said.
Typhoon Maliksi, packing winds of up to 126 kilometers per hour, was in the Pacific Ocean east of Tokyo at 4 p.m., moving north-northeast, the agency said.
The typhoon is not expected to hit the Japanese archipelago directly but is forecast to move along the northeastern Pacific coast, the agency said.
The agency warned of high waves of about six meters on the coasts of Japan’s tsunami-ravaged northeast on Thursday night.
http://www.japantoday.com/category/national/view/typhoon-maliksi-nearing-japans-northeast
今回拾うのは、みなさんはもうご存知の言葉だと思いますが、archipelagoです。archipelagoは「群島、諸島」という意味(『ジーニアス英和辞典』第4版、大修館書店)があります。もともとはイタリア語の「主要な海」の意味でエーゲ海を意味した事からもう一つの意味合いとして「多島海」という意味(『新英和中辞典』、研究社)もあります。ちなみにMaliksiはタガログ語で「速いもの」を意味するので、今回の台風19号にはピッタリですね。(EnDough)
mortar attack
恐れていたことが起きました。シリアとの国境に面した町アクチャカレがシリア政府軍からの砲撃を受け、民間人５人が死亡しました。この報復としてトルコ首相府はシリアを砲撃したことを明らかにした。mortar attackは「迫撃砲による攻撃」です。（GP）
Turkey fires on Syria after mortar attack
Turkey has fired artillery into Syria after a shell from the country hit a Turkish border town, killing 5 people. The mortar from Syria struck a residential area in the town of Akcakale on Wednesday. Authorities there say 5 people, including a woman and her 3 children were killed. 10 others were wounded. Syria's Information Minister Omran al-Zoabi said on state television that his government is investigating the source of the shelling.
But he criticized Turkey's tacit support for Syrian rebels, saying that the border is being used to smuggle weapons and terrorists into Syria. The Turkish government issued a statement saying its armed forces on the border responded to the shelling with artillery fire. Turkey exercised restraint in June this year, when one of its military planes was shot down by Syrian armed forces. But after the incident it warned that it would retaliate if there was another threat to its security.
a burst of purple
大変遅くなって申し訳ありません。先生のご指名に回答していきます。
a burst of purple - 田邉祐司ゼミ 常時英心：言葉の森から
iPhone 5 users complain about purple photos
(CNN) -- Some iPhone 5 users are complaining that a burst of purple is showing up in their photos -- and Apple seems to be acknowledging it's just part of how the camera works.
Since Apple's new smartphone was released just over a week ago, some of the millions of users have reported that, when a strong source of light is present in their photographs, the light takes on a purple hue.
The problem was first noted on the forums of online computer magazine Anandtech, where a thread discussing the issue had more than 180 comments Wednesday.
"Yeah, I have a feeling this is going to be Antennagate all over again," one forum member wrote, referencing antenna problems with the iPhone 4. "I've taken 20,000+ photos on my 4S, never ONCE had this problem."
That user then posted two photos that appear to show the flare.
余談ですが、この単語を見ると浪人生だった頃に覚えた”burst into”というPVを思い出します。burstには「破裂する」という原義(『ジーニアス英和辞典 第４版』大修館)から来ていますね。
今回のburstは名詞です。LDOCEの定義には"a short sudden effort or increase in activity"とあり、burst ofの形でよく使われるそうです。「突然」出てくるという部分から、「予期せぬ物事」に使われそうです。記事のリンク先の写真から分かるように、写真に紫色の光が現れてしまうという故障についてなので、「（予期しないで）突然出てくる紫色の光」という意味があるでしょう。
また、写真の技術にlight burstというのもあるそうです。写真の素材を放射状に輝く美しい光線で生成する技術のことです。リンク先の写真が少し芸術的に思った方もいるのではないでしょうか。少し皮肉的な表現になっている気がしました。(Minnesota)
地域学習ボランティア(Minnesota)
本日１ヶ月ぶりに、とある中学校の地域学習ボランティアに参加してきました。本日は生徒さんの数が少なかったため、1時間半程を2人の生徒と一緒に勉強させて頂きました。「スローラーナー」の学習支援と聞いていましたが、１人は英語の成績がかなり優秀な生徒さんでした。もう１人はかなり苦手そうでした。いわば両極端の生徒さんにとって「今、何が必要なのか」というニーズに応えられなかった気がします。要するに「引き出しの少なさ」を実感してしまいました。
今までは、「苦手な生徒さん」になんとか面白さを必死になって伝えていた(つもりかもしれません)のです。しかし、英語が好きで問題等を黙々と解いている生徒さんは何を求めているのかをもう一度考え直して、次回に、そして将来教員になった時に繋げて行きたいと思います。
最後になりますが、実際の生徒さんに教える機会というのは滅多にない機会です。このボランティアを紹介してくださったUG先生、また快く学生を迎えてくださる先生方、地域の保護者様に心より感謝申し上げます。本当にありがとうございました。(Minnesota)
be over the moon #2
近年SNSなどのネット・サービスが、日本の若者が自己主張をする方法となっています。
記事にあるbe over the moonは「大喜びする」という意味で、嬉しくて跳びはねて、月まで到達してしまうことを指します。親御さんはFukaさんが産まれたことを、それほど喜んだのですね。きっと世界中のどの親も子が産まれるということは、それほど嬉しいことなのだと思います。(Othello)
Japan's youth find new ways to speak up
By Mariko Oi
BBC News, Tokyo
"People often tell me to die or call me ugly and annoying on Twitter. There are days I wish I was dead," wrote 11-year-old Fuka Haruna.
"But I know that no matter how much I cry, or even kill myself, the bullies won't feel a thing."
Fuka wrote the comments for a special series on bullying by Japan's Asahi newspaper.
Thirty five high-profile people were asked to contribute to the series, but it was Fuka's column which received the most attention.
Young Japanese are not traditionally seen as activists but this is slowly changing, say analysts
She started out as a child model. When she began receiving critical and cruel posts on Twitter she responded to them - and her mature reaction got people talking.
"It's not someone's death which would stop the bullying because they'll just find another target," wrote Fuka, who is also an actress.
"It can only be stopped if you, the bully, have the ability to imagine that even people who you think are disgusting have parents who love them - just like my parents were over the moon on the day I was born."
