clampdown
中国は7,000を超える外資系組織を対象に, 法的な制限を加える見通しです。
Clampdown in China Restricts 7,000 Foreign Organizations
BEIJING — China took a major step on Thursday in President Xi Jinping’s drive to impose greater control and limit Western influences on Chinese society, as it passed a new law restricting the work of foreign organizations and their local partners, mainly through police supervision.
More than 7,000 foreign nongovernment groups will be affected, according to state news reports.
Foreign groups working across Chinese civil society — on issues including the environment, philanthropy and cultural exchanges, and possibly even in education and business — will now have to find an official Chinese sponsor and must register with the police. This also applies to groups from Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau.
Those organizations that do not receive official approval will be forced to stop operating in the country. Many groups will probably curtail or eliminate programs deemed politically sensitive, such as training lawyers, in order to remain.
以下省略
本日取り上げる表現は “clampdown” です。
まずWeblioによると, 動詞 “clamp down” では「〔…を〕圧迫[弾圧]する, きつく取り締まる[on]」とありました。
The Free Dictionary. Comには, 動詞 “1. To fasten, grip, or support with or as if with a clamp. 2. To establish by authority; impose: clamped a tax imports.” と記されています。 “clamp” はもともと中世オランダ語 “klampe” からきているそうです。
またCambridge Dictionary Onlineには, 名詞 “a sudden action taken by a government or people in authority to stop or limit a particular activity” と定義され, “Following the military coup, there has a clampdown on press reporting in the capital.” という例文が挙げられています。(Cayu)
今回は, 中国が非政府団体を制御するため, 名詞として“clampdown” が用いられています。
以下, “clampdown” が登場する過去の記事です。
http://d.hatena.ne.jp/A30/20121014/1350194566
