collateral
欧州中央銀行が，ギリシャの求める融資案を拒否しました。記事の中で気になった単語は"collateral"です。『Wisdom英和辞典第三版』（三省堂）によると「担保（物件），並行した，付随した」などという意味がありました。ここでは，「ギリシャの国債を担保とした融資をECBは受け入れられないとしている」と訳せます。つまりギリシャが資金調達を行うパイプが少なくなったことを意味しており，新政権は早くも逆風に直面しています。「担保」といえば"mortgage"や"guarantee"が浮かんだので違いをODで調べてみました。
"collateral"
"Something pledged as security for repayment of a loan, to be forfeited in the event of a default"
"mortgage"
"A legal agreement by which a bank, building society, etc. lends money at interest in exchange for taking title of the debtor’s property, with the condition that the conveyance of title becomes void upon the payment of the debt:"
"guarantee"
"An undertaking to answer for the payment or performance of another person’s debt or obligation in the event of a default by the person primarily responsible for it."
"mortgage"は，債務者の所有する財産の権利と引き換えに融資を行うということですね。"guarantee"は債務不履行時の保証を，債務者の所持する権利ではなく，連帯保証人が行うときに使うようです。（Ume）
The European Central Bank (ECB) has toughened its stance with Greece by restricting financing to the country's banks.
In a statement, the central bank said it would no longer accept Greek government bonds as collateral for lending money to commercial banks.
The move makes access to cash more expensive for Greece's banks.
The ECB said the suspension came as it could not assume a "successful" deal on Greece's €240bn bailout.
The newly-elected Greek government is in talks with international creditors over the terms of its bailout, which it thinks are too harsh.
The Greek finance ministry said the ECB's decision, which is due to come into effect on 11 February, would have "no adverse impact" on the country's financial industry.
It said the sector was "fully protected" with other options still available.
