transcript

東京大学が16年度からの推薦入試導入を発表しました。transcriptには「写し, 複写」や「翻訳」という意味の他にアメリカ英語で「（学校の）成績証明書」という意味があります（『プログレッシブ英和中辞典』小学館）。また，これは「証明書」とあることからもわかるようにofficialなもので，学期末に生徒が受け取る「成績表」はreport cardやschool reportと言います（『スーパーアンカー和英辞典』第2版，学習研究社）。ちなみに高校ではこの成績証明書を「調査書」と呼びます。（Koyamamoto）

University of Tokyo announces entrance exam reform
The University of Tokyo announced on March 15 that it is set to adopt a "recommendation-based" entrance exam for the first time in its history, starting from the 2016 school year.
To enter the University of Tokyo, candidates must first take a general exam administered by the National Center for University Entrance Examinations. If candidates get a high enough score they take a second, University of Tokyo-specific exam, which is divided into two intakes. With examination reform, about 100 candidates will make it into the nation's top university via the recommendation-based exam, and the university will abolish the second of its two standard exam intakes.
... For the recommendation-based entrance exam, the university will ask candidates to submit their high school transcript, personal evaluations penned by their schools, and an essay that proves their depth of interest in particular subjects. Each high school is allowed to recommend one or two students. Those who failed university entrance exams in previous years will also be allowed to take the recommendation-based entrance route.
http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20130316p2a00m0na011000c.html