常時英心:言葉の森から 1.0

約10年間,はてなダイアリーで英語表現の落穂拾いを行ってきました。現在はAmeba Blogに2.0を開設し,継続中です。こちらはしばらくアーカイブとして維持します。

chasm 復習

 カリフォルニアではオーロヴィルダム決壊の危機のためのに避難勧告が出されていましたが、カリフォルニアの水道局はダムの水を止めました。
California dam spill way water shut off to clear debris

California water authorities stopped the flow of water down the Oroville Dam's crippled spillway Monday, allowing workers to start clearing out massive debris that's blocking a hydroelectric plant from working.

Water will not be released for the next five to seven days, in the hopes that workers can remove between 500,000 and 1 million cubic yards of debris by barge and excavator, said Lauren Bisnett, spokeswoman with the Department of Water Resources.

"That is certainly the goal," she said. "They've got to get down and see what's going on."

Water managers turned to the emergency spillway for the first time in the 48-year history of the country's tallest dam after a chunk of concrete tore out the main spillway following heavy rains.

But the flow of water ripped through a road below and carved out deep chasms in the ground, leading authorities to evacuate nearly 200,000 people Feb. 12 for two days for fear the emergency spillway could fail.

Monday's slowdown started at 6:45 a.m., going from 50,000 cubic feet per second to zero. The water was shut off by 2 p.m.

Removing the debris will bring officials one step closer to restarting the Hyatt Power Plant, which in turn will help remove water from the dam to make way for more water in advance of the spring runoff, Butte County Sheriff Kenneth Honea said Monday.

Mountains have swelled with a massive snowpack in Northern California this winter.

"We're in it for the long haul and I've asked the public to be aware of that and be patient as we go forward," Honea said.

The average inflow into Oroville Dam this month was 570 percent of the average for February, the department said. The reservoir's water level has been reduced nearly 60 feet since it reached capacity at 901 feet earlier this month, the department said.

http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/california-dams-outflow-stopped-clear-debris-45773643

 取り上げる単語は"chasm" /kˈæzm/です。

 『ジーニアス英和辞典』第4版(大修館)で調べてみると、「(地面、岩、氷河などの)(危険な)裂け目、亀裂、小峡谷」や「亀裂、(意見や感情の)食い違い」とありました。

 LDOCEでは、"a very deep space between two areas of rock or ice, especially one that is dangerous"や"a big difference between two people, groups, or things"と定義されています。

 同意語としては"gorge"や"gap"などが挙げられます。

 ここでは、「地面の亀裂」のことを指します。(Akim)